I don't want to waste your time, so let's get straight to the point.
There are 4 types of math that are tested in the Math Section, as per the College Board:
1. Algebra
2. Advanced Math
3. Problem-Solving and Data Analysis
4. Geometry and Trigonometry.
The Math Section of the SAT is separated into 2 modules (or sections). How those modules differ is their difficulties. In the 1st module, everyone gets the same difficulty. However, in the 2nd module, the difficulty gets easier or harder depending on how you did in the 1st module. It will be harder if you did well on the 1st module, but easier if you did worse (Of course, you wouldn't exactly know whether you did well or not in the 1st module, you just have to guess based on how you perceive the difficulty of the 2nd module). Between the modules, you will get a 10 minute break.
Each module has 22 questions and you have 35 minutes to do each module. That means 44 questions and 70 minutes total on the SAT Math section. If you do the math, on average you have 1 minute 35 seconds to do each question. That's not a long time if you actually count that time. However, I would still suggest you to do each question as fast as possible with accuracy.
If you feel like you won't do well on the SAT Math Section, then I will tell you that the types of questions being asked is basically Pre-calculus and below, so the things being tested are the things that you have most likely gone over in your math classes.
Here is a breakdown of how much each types of math is being tested.
As you can see, Algebra and Advanced Math are being tested the most, so in case you don't have enough time to study, focus on these two.
Here is a practice test that you can do to see what the problems are actually like (just skip the English section or try if you want):
https://satsuite.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/sat-practice-test-4-digital.pdf
By the way, SAT practice tests are literally the best way to prepare for the SAT, as these questions are the closest to what you would expect on the real exam (such as this one).
And that's pretty much it. I know it is a very short article, but this is just for you to get the gist of what you should expect in the SAT Math section. I hope that you found this helpful, and I wish that you would do the best in the Math Section, and the SAT overall.
All of the information above came from the College Board. Visit their website at collegeboard.org